What condition results from an autoimmune response causing inflammation and thickening of the joint lining?

Rheumatoid Arthritis is the condition that is characterized by an autoimmune response, leading to inflammation and thickening of the joint lining. In this disorder, the immune system mistakenly attacks the synovium, which is the lining of the membranes that surround the joints. This results in swelling, pain, and potential joint damage over time.

The autoimmune nature of rheumatoid arthritis distinguishes it from other types of arthritis and conditions listed. People with this condition may experience systemic symptoms as well, due to the overall impact of the immune response on the body. Over time, the chronic inflammation can lead to deformities and decreased function, making early diagnosis and management crucial.

In contrast, conditions such as lupus can affect multiple systems of the body and may include joint symptoms, but it is not primarily characterized by the specific inflammation of the joint lining as in rheumatoid arthritis. Osteoarthritis is primarily a degenerative joint disease caused by wear and tear rather than an autoimmune process, while fibromyalgia is characterized by widespread pain and fatigue but does not primarily involve joint inflammation or thickening of the joint lining.